Building of tunnels, waterways, or such like.



PATENTED JUNE 20, 1905.

B. MOLLOY. BUILDING OF TUNNELS, WATERWAYS, OR SUCH LIKE.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 28, 1902.

INVENTOR:

UNTTED STATES Patented June 20, 1905.

PATENT rricE.

BUILDING OF TUNNELS, WATERWAYS, OR SUCH LIKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 792,605, dated June 20, 1905, Original application filed July 3, 1902, Serial No. 114,262- Divicled and this application filed November 28,1902. Serial No. 133,104-

To (all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDMOND MoLLoY, a citi- Zen of the United States, and a resident of the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in the Construction of Tunnels, Ducts, or other Arched Structures, of which the following is a specification, this application being a division of my application, Serial No. 114,262, filed July 3, 1902.

In said prior application I have claimed, broadly, a novel tubular structure, while in the present application I have shown and claimed the adaptation and utilization of said structure in the construction of tunnels, sewers, waterways, and wall structures in general.

The present invention contemplates a wall structure made by embedding a tubular framework, preferably formed as described in the parent application referred to above, in cement, concrete, or other incasing material. The structure is easily made and possesses the qualities of economy, simplicity, and durability.

The invention will be understood from the following detailed description thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 shows a portion of the skeleton framework in front elevation. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the'completed structure with some of the concrete or incasing material broken away to better show the relation of the framework thereto. Fig. 3 is a partial transverse section taken through the incasing material only; and Fig. 4 is a partial longitudinal section, partly in elevation, showing the tubular framework embedded in the concrete.

It will be observed that in making a cylindrical duct or incasement I provide a series of rings A A A A, the alternate ones of which are preferably of different diameters, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Each ring may, if desired, be made from a single piece of tubing or piping, though it is obvious they may be made in sections. The rings are connected by cross-pieces a, the cross-pieces extending from one ring staggering those of an adjacent ring. The cross-pieces or stems a are threaded on their ends with right and left hand threads, respectively, and screw into the T- pieces (Z (Z on either end thereof. The rings A or the sections thereof are made of stock of slightly less diameter than the cross-pieces of the Ts, so that the latter slip over them easily. By screwing or tightening the stem (0 so that its ends bind on the rings A it will be apparent that the Ts and stems may be held in any desired position and with the rings form an integral skeleton structure. It will be apparent that when the stems are tightened lateral tension is placed upon the rings.

The framework may be assembled to any extent desired and then placed in the excavation or other location where it is desired to use it and the cement B or concrete applied thereto. Cement having been applied to the lower part of the framework, a suitable halfdrum centering might then be applied inside the inner rings and the cement filling continued in the upper portion of the framework, or narrow strips of light stiff material might be placed on top of the inner rings and serve as permanent centering for filling the upper part with concrete.

The framework might be made in sections and the concrete applied to said sections prior to placing them in position for use. The sec tions might then be placed in the desired position and the joints between properly filled in with cement or concrete.

It will be apparent that many changes and modifications may be made in the structure as described without departing from the principle or spirit of the invention, and I reserve the right to make any and all of such changes.

Having described my invention, what I claim is 1. An inclosure made up of rings of tubular material connected by tubular cross-pieces or stems all of which are incased in hydraulic material.

2. In an arched structure, a framework of rings of difierent diameters connected by suitable stems or cross-pieces the ends of which stems bear on the rings.

3. In a pipe or main, tubular members held together by individual cross-pieces the ends of which are adapted to bind upon said members.

4. An arched structure consisting of a framework formed of spaced curved members, individual stems connecting said members and exerting an endwise thrust thereon, the said framework being embedded in hydraulic material.

5. A framework consisting of tubular rings connected by stems, the stems extending from each ring being in staggered relation to, those of an adjacent ring adapted to bind endwise IO upon said rings.

rings, T-pieces slidable thereon, stems connecting the T-pieces of successive rings, the ends of said stems being adapted to bind endwise upon the rings.

In testimony whereo1 I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDMOND MOLLOY.

Witnesses:

CHAS. H. DOUGHERTY, A. (J. GILE. 

